• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    element for lifting the blade and method followed. the element for lifting the blade is an intermediate part (3) that is arranged between the root of the blade (1) and the moving track of the bearing (16) of the blade. this part includes at least one insert (9 ') or (9 ") and is joined by means of a rigid bar (21) or by means of a tensioner (13) with another intermediate part (3) diametrically opposite. the part has a hole ( 5) connecting to the lifting point and a hole (4) connecting to the drum, the latter which is joined to the hole (2) of the insertion by means of a long nail (17) or (17 '). two lifting skirting boards, the root and the blade tip: the root lifting point is manipulated from a single load point on the drum and the blade tip lifting point is manipulated from the load points: one on the drum and another on the floor, the lifting method starts with the blade in a horizontal position to move it to the vertical position.
    公开号:BR112012017422B1
    申请号:R112012017422-3
    申请日:2010-12-30
    公开日:2020-10-06
    发明作者:Ion Arocena De La Rua；Eneko Sanz Pascual
    申请人:Gamesa Innovation & Technology, S.L.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    OBJECT OF THE INVENTION.
    [001] The invention describes an element arranged near the blade root of a wind turbine, which allows its lifting without deforming the circular shape of the blade root and without the need to use two cranes. Also described is the method followed for lifting and securing the blade to the drum. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION.
    [002] A wind rotor is defined as the set of components of the wind turbine that rotate outside the nacelle. These components are the paddles, the drum and the paddle change mechanism. From the point of view of design and manufacture each component is considered as an independent element that must later be assembled. In large vertical shaft turbines, the most complex union is that established between the blade root and the drum, all aligned with the set of fixed / mobile track and bearings that form the blade change mechanism.
    [003] Large-sized wind blades are carried and assembled to the wind turbine with lifting methods that normally require two cranes. One of them higher than the height of the drum and the other of a smaller size to help guide the elevation correctly from the tip area of the blade.
    [004] The greatest difficulty found in these lifting methods is in the connections between the load slings or lifting cables and the lifting points arranged at the root of the blade. These lifting points must support a large load corresponding to most of the blade weight. In addition, the inserts at the root of the blade cannot be used to tie the slings since, in the last stage of mounting the blade on the drum, the long screws for fixing to the drum must be previously placed inside the inserts. On the other hand, as the blades are formed by pieces of composite material of low thickness, it is difficult to draw a mechanical connection between the lifting points and the laminate without damaging the structure of the blade, deforming the original circular shape.
    [005] The closest state of the art corresponds to different ways of fixing the lifting slings with the connection points directly applied to the blade root and are clearly reflected in the figures of the patents DE 1995516 and EP 1 101 936. The solutions presented in these patents, they are used for small blades, as as the blade size increases, many points of the process become complicated: the deformation that the blade structure under its own weight undergoes during lifting causes the blade root to become make it oval and the necessary tolerances are lost to be able to align all the blade root inserts with the blade bearing cavities (those corresponding to the drum) without any problems. The present invention is oriented to avoid the use of two cranes, reducing the costs derived from the rent, achieving a lifting method that only requires loading points located on the drum and an anchoring point located on the ground. Similar to patent P200603165 belonging to the same depositor. In the same way, the invention keeps the long fixing screws attached to the drum and in turn incorporates elements that do not allow the circular section of the blade root to deform. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [006] The final edge of the blade root is formed by metal inserts embedded or glued to a composite material laminate. These inserts represent the points of union with the wind turbine drum. The wind turbine drum has screwed a bearing formed by a fixed track and a movable track. Before making the connection between the blade and the drum, a long screw is included in each insertion, so that later this screw crosses the movable track of the drum bearing and with the help of a nut and its corresponding ring, complete a pre- stretched. When the definitive fixing screws on the drum are inside the insertion holes, the blade root inserts cannot be used to join them to the elements that directly or indirectly join the slings from which it is pulled to raise the blade.
    [007] It is an object of the invention to modify some inserts of the blade root replacing them with inserts with the same characteristics, but a little more than 20 short ones and an intermediate piece placed between these inserts and the moving track of the bearing of the Pan.
    [008] In a second practical modality, some insertions of the blade root are modified by mechanizing its walls, so that it is possible to thread them inside an intermediate piece that will be adjusted between the inserts and the mobile track of the blade bearing. In this way the screw used for the final assembly can be a normal screw without the need to include a double threaded screw with an intermediate thread to fix the intermediate piece.
    [009] It is another object of the invention to provide the intermediate part with elements to fix the sling from which it will be pulled to raise the blade and cables that guarantee that the slender shape of the blade root does not deform during lifting due to the weight which supposes the entire structure of the blade.
    [0010] It is another object of the invention to lift the blade by pulling from points located outside the root inserts and that these useful transversal ones are sufficiently rigid to prevent the circumference that forms the end of the blade in the root area from being damaged and in turn substituting the cables mentioned in the previous paragraph.
    [0011] These and other advantages will be better understood with the detailed description that follows based on the attached figures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES.
    [0012] Figure 1 shows the intermediate piece on the root of the blade. Figures 1a and 1b are two sections made on the insert and the other on the insert and the intermediate part.
    [0013] Figure 2 constitutes a section of the insertion and the intermediate piece with special attention on the provisional fixation.
    [0014] Figure 3 constitutes a section of the insert and the intermediate part with special attention on the threaded fixation that is established between them.
    [0015] Figure 4 constitutes a section of the insertion set - intermediate part once it is mounted on the drum.
    [0016] Figure 5 is a section of the blade root with rigid equipment fixed between the intermediate parts.
    [0017] Figure 6 represents an overview of the blade root with several intermediate parts installed.
    [0018] Figure 7 constitutes a section of the insertion set - intermediate part once it is mounted on the drum.
    [0019] Figure 8 includes five figures from "a" to 'I and i', with the sequence of lifting the blade from the floor to the drum. DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
    [0020] As shown in figure 1 the part of the invention is applied on the blade root (1) and can cover at least one of the holes offered by each of the inserts (2). In the modality presented there are three insertion holes (2) that cover the intermediate part (3). This intermediate part (3) has two types of holes: a hole (4) for connecting to the drum and a hole (5) for connecting to the lifting point. Figure 1a shows the section AA established on an insert (9) of the blade root, showing in its interior: the wall (6) of the insert, the composite material (7) and the hole (8) where the fastening element, which is preferably a long screw. On the outside, the wall of the intermediate piece (3) is appreciated. Figure 1 b shows the intermediate part (3) along the line BB 'when connected to an insert (9') (9 ") shorter than the original insert (9).
    [0021] The section BB 'is presented in greater detail in figure 2. Since the original insert (9) has been replaced by an insert (9') (9 ") of shorter length lowering the surface of the blade root, it is when the intermediate part (3) is placed.
    [0022] In order that the intermediate part (3) is fixed to the insert (9) of shorter length during the transport and storage intervals, a short screw (10) is used. In addition, the intermediate part (3) has an orifice (12) to include a fixing element to the lifting point and has a tensioner (13) to de-emphasize the blade's root and give rigidity to the whole.
    [0023] As shown in figure 3, in a second practical modality, mechanized inserts (9 ") are used, which are joined to the intermediate part (3) by means of a screw connection and do not have any type of recess or hole to accommodate nuts.
    [0024] Once the appropriate number of intermediate parts (3) has been established, which must be fixed to the blade root (1), the set remains as shown in figure 4. In this case, four parts are established at 90 0 each other, with the tensioners (13) crossed over the root of the blade (1) according to perpendicular diameters. In the modality shown in this figure, each intermediate piece (3) is placed over a single insert (9 '), with the hole (5) connecting to the lifting point, on the inner face of the circle formed by the blade root (1). In the hole (5) connecting to the lifting point, a ring (20) as shown in figures 2 and 3 or a rigid bar (21) as shown in figure 5, which is fixed in the mentioned holes (5), is placed. In the other practical modality mentioned and represented in figure 5, the use of the rigid bar (21) where at least one lifting sling is joined, can provide sufficient rigidity to the blade root to eliminate the tensioning cables (13) of the previous modality.
    [0025] When the blade was raised and joined to the drum, the assembly is as shown in figure 6. The drum is composed of the blade bearings themselves (14), the fixed bearing track (15) and the mobile bearing track ( 16). The connection between the intermediate part (3) and the moving track (16) is carried out with a special long triple threaded screw (17). The aforementioned screw has its ends and its intermediate part threaded in such a way that it engages a nut (18) to fix the moving track, an intermediate nut (19) of lower height to fix the intermediate part (3) and the other end is threaded inside the insert (9 '). The intermediate nut (19) is threaded to the special long screw (17) in its central part, and serves to transmit the lifting loads of the intermediate piece (3) for the insertion (9 ').
    [0026] If in place of the recessed insert (9 ') the threaded insert (9 ") is used, the second mode mentioned above is entered, in figure 7 the blade is represented once it has been raised and joined to the drum. The drum is consisting of the paddle bearings (14), the fixed bearing track (15) and the mobile bearing track (16) .The connection between the intermediate part (3) and the mobile track (16) is made with a long screw (17 '). The aforementioned screw (17) has its ends threaded in such a way that on the one hand it engages a nut (18) to fix the movable track, while the other end is threaded inside the mechanized insert (9 "). The lifting loads will pass through the screw connection between the intermediate part (3) and the insert (9 ").
    [0027] Using the equipment of the invention the inserts (9) (9 ") of the blade root (1) are adapted for the placement of the screws (17) fixing to the drum and the blade can be raised both horizontally, as it happens in their first lifting phase, as in a vertical position, the posture they adopt in their second lifting phase.
    [0028] The lifting method is described in the group of figures that form figure 8. Two points of elevation are established on the blade, the root and the tip of the blade, which are established in the last third of the blade by means of equipment. which is attached to the contour of the blade. These two lifting points are manipulated from three external points:
    [0029] the blade root lifting point is manipulated at a single load point from the drum,
    [0030] the tipping point lifting point is manipulated from two loading points: one on the drum and one on the floor.
    [0031] The assembly sequence from the floor is as follows: the blade is extended horizontally at the foot of the tower with the root near the tower. Figure 8a. The shovel starts to rise horizontally by pulling from the tinge that reaches the root of the shovel. While the root of the blade ascends, the sling that passes through the equipment that is attached to the tip of the blade also pulls the tip upwards at the same time. This continues until the sling that comes from the drum and passes through the tip of the blade is aligned with the ground fixation. Figure 8b. From this point, the blade's root continues to rise while the blade rotates until it adopts the vertical position. Figures 8c and 8d. Continue to pull from the root sling until the root of the shovel is at the height of the drum. Manipulating the paddle sling, the screws fixing the drum to the drum with the movable bearing track are faced and the assembly is completed. Figure 8e.
    [0032] The sequence for disassembling the blade follows the same steps in the opposite direction.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [0001]
    1. Element for lifting a blade with at least one cable or sling for lifting a blade of a wind turbine, the wind turbine comprising at least one root of the wind turbine blade with a blade lifting element, characterized by the fact that The blade lifting element comprises at least two intermediate parts (3) facing each other and attached to a lower edge of the blade root (1), each intermediate part (3) comprises at least one insertion hole (2) that aligns with the hole (4) connecting to the blade root drum (1), each intermediate piece (3) has a hole (5) connecting to the lifting point and a connecting element (13) that extends between the intermediate parts (3) diametrically opposite, when the at least two intermediate parts (3) are fixed to the lower edge of the blade root (1), each intermediate part (3) being fixed to a moving track of the drum bearing by a long screw cooperating with a threaded hole in the runway m at one end and with the intermediate piece (3) at the other end.
    [0002]
    Element for lifting the blade according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting element is at least one rigid bar (21) that extends between the holes (5) connecting to the lifting point or is at least one tensioner (13) from the wall of the intermediate piece (3) perpendicular to both through holes (4, 5).
    [0003]
    3. Element for lifting the blade according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing of the intermediate part (3) to the blade root is carried out first by screwing at least one mechanized insert (9 ") inside the intermediate part (3) and subsequently soaking or gluing the assembly in the material composed of the blade root, the fixing of the intermediate piece / blade root assembly with the movable track (16) of the drum bearing is through a long screw (17 ') that collaborates with a thread (18) at one end, while the other end is threaded inside the mechanized insert (9 ").
    [0004]
    4. Element for lifting the blade according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the screw used for fixing the intermediate part (3), with the blade root (1) and with the moving track (16) of the The drum bearing is a long screw (17) with a thread on both ends and a thread on the middle part that engages a nut (18) at one end to attach to the moving track, a lower nut (19) of lower height to attach the intermediate part (3), while the other end is threaded inside the insert (9) adapted to accommodate a thread on one of its sides.
    [0005]
    5. Element for lifting the blade according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that the fastening element used during the storage and transportation of the blade is a short screw (10) that fixes the intermediate piece (3) in the insert ( 9 ').
    [0006]
    6. Element for lifting the blade according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the hole (5) connecting to the lifting point of the intermediate piece (3) is crossed with a ring (20) where the sling is fixed lifting.
    [0007]
    7. Element for lifting the blade according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection of the element with the lifting sling is carried out from any point of a rigid bar whose ends are fixed to the hole (5) of connection to the lifting point of its corresponding intermediate part (3).
    [0008]
    8. Method for lifting the blade of a wind turbine using the element, as defined in claim 1, with two loading points on the drum and one on the floor, characterized by the fact that the assembly sequence from the floor is the next, the blade (1) is arranged horizontally at the foot of the tower with the root close to the tower and a sling attached to the root and another to the end equipment, the blade (1) starts to rise horizontally by pulling from the sling that goes to the blade root (1) until the sling, which reaches the tip of the blade (1), is aligned from the drum to the ground fixation, from this point on, the blade root (1) rotates adopting the vertical position pulling from the root sling, you continue to pull from the root sling until the root of the blade (1) is at the height of the drum, maneuvering the sling at the tip of the blade (1) the fixing screws face the drum with the track bearing and the assembly is completed.
    [0009]
    9. Method for raising the blade according to claim 8, characterized by the fact that on the blade (1) there are two points of elevation: the root and the tip of the blade (1) that are established in the last third of the blade. shovel through equipment that embraces the shovel (1), these two lifting points are manipulated from the three external points: the root lifting point of the blade (1) manipulated from a single load point from the drum, the tip point of the blade (1) manipulated from the loading points: one on the drum and one on the ground.
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    WO2011086205A1|2011-07-21|
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    法律状态:
    2018-03-27| B15K| Others concerning applications: alteration of classification|Ipc: B66C 1/62 (2006.01), F03D 1/06 (2006.01), F03D 13/ |
    2019-01-08| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2019-09-10| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2020-05-12| B06A| Notification to applicant to reply to the report for non-patentability or inadequacy of the application according art. 36 industrial patent law|
    2020-07-21| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2020-10-06| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 30/12/2010, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ESP201000042|2010-01-14|
    ES201000042A|ES2371703B1|2010-01-14|2010-01-14|ELEMENT FOR LIFTING SHOVEL AND FOLLOWED METHOD.|
    ESP201000330|2010-03-12|
    ES201000330A|ES2371709B1|2010-03-12|2010-03-12|ELEMENT FOR LIFTING SHOVEL.|
    PCT/ES2010/000533|WO2011086205A1|2010-01-14|2010-12-30|Blade lifting element and method followed|
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